Home Health Care Technology - Baby Boomers Require Action to Age in Place

Home health care technology can assist baby boomers to successfully age in place by promoting independence and offering assistance when it is needed.

Boomers have made it perfectly clear they want to remain in their communities and stay in their homes for as long as possible. The results of a survey conducted by The American Association of Retired Persons of September 2008 asked baby boomers if they agreed with this statement:

"What I'd really like to do is stay in my current residence for as long as possible." The results were:

• 80% of those between the age of 55-64 agree


• 88% believe that it is likely that they can


• 75% of those that responded between the mid 50's and mid 60"s believe some aspect of their home will challenge their ability to do so (stairs being the biggest obstacle with 24%).

So here is the surprising, yet disturbing news. Clarity conducted a research study that studied two groups: Baby Boomers between the ages of 43 - 61, with aging parents and seniors, age 65 plus, and still living independently, at home.

The results of this study:

• 53% of the aging seniors in the study were concerned about their ability (despite their desire) to remain in their own homes. They cited concerns about health, memory and the ability to drive.


• When asked about fears, seniors 26% ranked loss of independence. The highest,13%, feared moving into a nursing home and 3%, had a fear of death.


• 51% of boomers believe there is technology to help their parents. But only 14% have looked for any home health care technology.

Aging seniors and baby boomers rank moving into a nursing home higher than they fear death.

Baby boomers require taking action to successfully age in place and home health care technology is there to support them and their aging loved one. It is important to be proactive and not reactive to researching home health care technology.

Research shows that most home health care technology is initiated in the home, only after an incident occurs. This incident, with an aging senior often results in an unnecessary hospitalization. Most accidents, that happen at home, can be prevented. The technology is available to maintain independence, prevent unnecessary hospitalizations and improve the quality of life of our aging seniors.

Home health care technology is available to aging baby boomers now. In order to successfully age in place requires planning. Many boomers have aging loved ones that they are presently taking care of and providing assistance in the home. It will not be long and the boomers will require care and have the same goals: aging in place. Boomers, take action now to make your goal of aging in place a reality.

The Services Offered by Assisted Living Concepts Inc

This article focuses on the services provided by Assisted Living Concepts Inc., which provides assisted living accommodations to the elderly who want to maintain as much of their independence as possible. These retirees may have lost some of their physical ability to do certain things that are necessary for daily living, such as taking a bath, dressing, eating, cooking or even toileting but they do not want to lose too much of their independence. This usually happens in nursing homes but assisted living residences offer an alternative lifestyle whereby the residents have more freedom to do what they want and are assisted only when they need it. But how do you evaluate the quality of the services that are offered by a company like Assisted Living Concepts?

Some of the factors that you can check when assessing assisted living programs include the safety features, services, equipment and amenities, financial issues, atmosphere and comfort level. Do not forget to examine the different amenities and equipment that are made available based on the fees that are being charged. Some of the features that you may want to check with regards to amenities in Assisted Living Concepts and compare them with the features of others include whether they have the capacity to accommodate the specific needs of a resident, the availability of religious facilities, the provision of a telephone and television unit in every unit, the presence of exercise equipment, the presence of a kitchen unit and refrigerator, and the availability of additional storage. It is also important to check whether shopping and entertainment centers can easily be reached.

Of course, you will also need to check on the monthly expenses and if there is a deposit requirement. Other issues that you need to check include the rules of refund in the event that you want to terminate the services, credit policies, whether the housing units are furnished, the types of housing that are available, the actions taken by management in case the resident is unable to make the monthly payments, the kinds of services that are covered in the fees that are charged, and the possibility of changing the kind of care when the need arises in the future.

When checking the services offered by retirement living providers such as Assisted Living Concepts, it is also advisable to inquire as to the types of activities that are allowed. These include whether socialization is encouraged, the availability of a common dining room, whether there are plenty of chances to socialize with the neighboring communities, the presence of a lounge area and other ways that make it easier to interact with other community members. Safety features are also essential and these include the presence of hand rails, door alarms in each unit, an intercom in each unit, air conditioning, heating and ventilation, the availability of staff at any time, the availability of a doctor in the community, the presence of a hospital nearby, and the availability of a way to communicate with staff if there is an emergency.

Assisted Living Community Activities

All senior living communities members enjoy a full schedule of social, instructional and compelling programs. These structured programs assist all seniors carry on a good quality of life. Many activities encourage members to socialize and develop friendships with other seniors. Assisted living staff members make sure the programs are amusing and entertaining.

Painting Instruction
Art instruction are embraced by residents because it can be both pleasurable and satisfying. Drawing, painting and ceramics are favorite programs with a lot of residents.

Attend Plays and Musical performances
Live entertainment is always fun and members enjoy it as much as anyone. Homes offer assembly trips to local concerts and theatres.

Go to Sporting Events
Even if seniors can't take part in their preferred sport anymore group trips to sports games allow members to root on their favorite team.

Bingo
Bingo is a classic game that is not difficult for members to take part in and enjoy. Bingo keeps seniors motivated and alert.

Birthday Club
Just because they're getting older doesn't mean members do not enjoy having a birthday party. Birthday clubs let residents celebrate their birthdays as well as other residents.

Book Club
One of the most popular senior programs is reading and discussing books. Many communities provide a diverse selection of classic, contemporary and other types of books for every type of reader.

Dancing
There are few things that are able to makea person feel young at heart than dancing. Several homes have a diverse dance offering of line, ballroom, and even tango for the adventurous.

Exercise Classes
You're never too elderly to take care of yourself. Hiking, swimming and aerobics are commonly available.

Family Events
Communities and homes often plan special events like picnics and barbecues for family members of members.

Lectures and Discussions
For residents who never want to stop learning facilities and communities offer lectures on different, captivating topics that seniors can talk over with another and debate afterwards.

Card Games
Classic card games such as rummy, gin, bridge and poker have always been a favorite among seniors.

Recreational
Trips to state parks and hikes are not only delightful, but the exercise is great for members who like to stay in shape.

Social Hour
Evening happy hours let members mingle and meet new acquaintances. Themes such as cruise ship, game night, and other programs are common.

Trips and Outings
Communities will often plan trips to that appeal to a wide variety of interests such as parks, museums

Volunteer Programs
For residents who enjoy giving back, homes will organize programs that work with several charities.

One part of staying healthy is staying busy and having an active social life. That's why assisted living homes generally offer numerous ways for patients to take part in facility programs. You can check with the programs director at any facility to learn more about particular programs, but here are a few of the types of activities you can commonly find.

It is an indispensable part of the cultural reform and chief to personal centered aid. It is necessary for individual quality of life. Assisted living activities are limited by federal regulations called F-Tags. While Assisted Living activities are not as highly regulated, many communities copy the actions of the standards set for nursing homes. F-Tag 248 states that "the facility must provide for an ongoing program of programs arranged to meet, in conformity with the comprehensive assessment, the interests and the physical, mental, and psychosocial well-being of each individual."

Medical Office Administration Career and Training Prospects

A variety of management tasks need to be completed daily to ensure medical offices function efficiently. Medical office administration career and training prospects are available through various schools and colleges. The work conducted by professionals establishes an environment where all health records and billing information is correctly handled. The knowledge needed to perform duties can be obtained through several concentrated programs.

Vocational colleges offer programs that develop the skills needed to prepare students to successfully enter the medical office administration industry. Training is offered to prepare students to handle medical records, patient records, scheduling issues, and insurance claims. General programs cover office administration duties, which can include working with insurance codes, billing practices, and medical reports. Upon graduation of programs students are able to step into careers and become:

• Medical Secretaries


• Medical Transcriptionists


• Medical Office Administrators

Students have the opportunities to complete certificate and associates degree programs. Vocational colleges offer programs in concentrated areas, which prepare students for different aspects of medical office administration. Many of today's professionals have completed training in programs like medical transcription, billing, and coding. Each area develops the skills needed to be medical office administrators but train students to exclusively work in regards to one area. Programs like this are highly beneficial for professionals that work in large medical offices. Smaller offices typically have professionals handling all administrative tasks, which can be learned inside general programs that cover all areas.

A general program at the associate's degree level teaches students to perform basic procedures inside healthcare offices. Training encompasses multiple areas that include business communication, components of disease, and hospital safety. Students that step into careers with this degree are generalists who conduct a variety of tasks. Office work typically has professionals handling correspondences, completing insurance forms, maintaining billing tasks, and scheduling appointments. Students that want to work in specific areas should research vocational colleges that offer training.

Students can enter medical billing programs and study how to coordinate and manage all payment invoices. Programs are focused on providing students with the skills to process all service fees that insurance companies need to have a record of. Coursework focuses on multiple areas such as education in health information management, insurance reimbursement, data entry, computer keyboarding, and spreadsheet software. Programs teach students to handle all areas regarding billing such as unpaid accounts, collections, and customer service practices.

As a transcriptionist professionals work to take a physicians notes and make official medical records. Education covers how to take dictated notations and transcribe them into documents that are used for patient files. Coursework covers many areas, which may include medical terminology, medical law, human anatomy, surgical procedure, and proofreading. Students that complete associates degree programs will increase their chances of finding work.

Medical coders assign codes to insurance claims that correspond to the billing process. Students will learn to use computer programs to classify different medical treatments and procedures that patients receive inside healthcare facilities. Course subjects may include anesthesia coding, medical insurance procedure, and current procedural terminology.

Students that enroll in accredited training programs will obtain the skills needed to succeed. The Commission on Accreditation of Allied Health Education Programs ( http://www.caahep.org/ ) approves medical office administration schools and colleges for full accreditation in order to provide proof that they offer the best quality training. Careers can be entered in less than two years so students should find vocational colleges that offer programs they're interested in.

DISCLAIMER: Above is a GENERIC OUTLINE and may or may not depict precise methods, courses and/or focuses related to ANY ONE specific school(s) that may or may not be advertised at PETAP.org.

Copyright 2010 - All rights reserved by PETAP.org.

Assisted Living Facilities For All

Many elderly people dread going to nursing homes because of the bad reputation that nursing homes have in our society. Nursing homes have had some problems over the past several decades, but there are still good, reputable homes. Even so, being placed in a home will force your loved one to give up their personal freedom, privacy, and independence. If your loved one does not yet need constant medical care, there isn't a necessity to place them in a nursing home. Try considering another option.

The alternative to a nursing home is Assisted Living Facilities, popularly known as ALF. These facilities are for people needing assistance with daily living activities, but who want to live as independently as possible for as long as possible. The goal is to bridge the gap between independent living and nursing homes.

Level of Freedom

Residents in assisted living centers are not able to live by themselves, yet do not require constant care either. Such facilities offer help with eating, bathing, dressing, laundry, housekeeping, and assistance with medications. Many facilities also have centers for medical care; although, the care offered may not be as intensive as the care offered at a nursing home.

Understanding the Differences

The decision on whether to send your loved one to an assisted living facility or a nursing home rests on many factors:

* Cost: Assisted living is rather costly because individuals live in apartment-like settings. Nursing homes are cheaper because the elderly live in a more communal space, with little private space.

* Medicare is frequently available for someone in a nursing home, but may not be for someone in an Assisted Living Facility.

* Facilities: ALFs are focused on individuals. Nursing homes are focused on the collective group.

* Place: While assisted living facility is a place for a few seniors at a time, a nursing home houses many patients. The former house an individual who is given all the help and assistance he or she needs, while the nursing home gives far less individual care.

* Nursing homes are meant to care for people who have a number of health care requirements, and cannot care for themselves. ALFs are meant to assist elderly persons who can basically care for many of their personal needs themselves.

* In an assisted living facility, skilled nursing care is not usually available except on an as-needed basis. A nursing home is more similar to a hospital environment and provides full-scale, skilled nursing care.

* Assisted living facilities are meant to assist people in preparing meals, bathing, dressing or performing household chores. If your loved one is often confused or experiencing memory problems, this might be the answer. If they have a debilitating disease or condition, they might need a nursing home.

Consider Their Welfare

When deciding on either a nursing home or an assisted living facility, your major concern should be the welfare of your loved one. It may be necessary to factor in the reality of costs, but there are ways of obtaining financial aid and in the long run, you'll rest easier knowing your loved one is being well cared for. Just keep in mind that if you end up with a situation that is fraught with problems, the effort and stress you invest in resolving the situation may not be worth the dollars you thought you might save.

Gift Ideas For Those Living In A Nursing Home

Elderly people who dwell in a nursing home have needs that are considerably different from those living in their own home, not to mention being constrained by a limited space. Nevertheless, the confines of a nursing home do not exclude these people from receiving tokens of appreciation. Indeed, there are still numerous valuable gift ideas for those residing in nursing homes. Not knowing what these people need or want is no excuse for not giving them gifts. Gifts are small tokens that express concern and care. Everyone longs to be remembered, most especially elderly people in nursing homes who do not experience the proximity of family and loved ones. Most people agree that thinking of gift ideas for people dwelling in nursing homes can be painstaking. The following ideas discussed in this article may help provide a spark of thought. These gift ideas for nursing home residents are generally practical and useful, and most importantly, these gift ideas embody thoughtfulness.

Those who reside in nursing homes are sometimes unable to shop for stationery, note cards, greeting cards, writing supplies, and postage stamps. A nursing home resident, who is fond of filling out letters and cards, may be given a gift of postage stamps, writing supplies, and greeting cards for all occasions. Furthermore, include an address book that contain with the names and addresses of relatives and friends. Bestowing a nursing home resident the facility to stay in touch with family and friends is a wonderful and thoughtful gift.

Everyone enjoys reminiscing happy moments in one's life, and for the elderly, the past is oftentimes more revered than the present. Anyone would certainly love to receive a scrapbook or a photo album that depict valuable memories. Pictures, as the old adage says, "are worth a thousand words," and sending someone a gift book containing familiar faces, smiles, as well as places is something that can be appreciated and looked at again and again. If the nursing resident is a friend or a family member, make copies of photographs in your possession, and solicit photographs from other family members or from mutual friends. Select a cheerful motif for the photo album, and fill the album not only with cherished photos of family, pets, friends, happy occasions, and vacations but also perhaps, some personal notes from the people whose faces appear in the album. The recipient will surely love a thoughtful gift as this, and they will be able to relive the past with each turn of a page.

Gift certificates are popular for all occasions, and fortunately gift certificates are available for every interest and age group. A gift certificate might be a very appropriate choice to give to a nursing home resident who can go outside of the facility to have a massage, professional pedicure, manicure, or hairstyle. A restaurant gift certificate might also be considered, so the recipient can use it, for instance, to treat a guest to a meal out. Also consider services and entertainment that cater the interests or the needs of the nursing home resident, and purchase a gift certificate that they can make use of.

Lastly, one might consider making a gift basket filled with useful items such as washable slippers, cologne, lip balm, small decorative trinkets, word puzzles, magazines, or books, etc. If the nursing home resident is not undergoing a restricted diet, also consider a gift basket that includes a selection of tasty snacks or fruits.

Dranreb Earl Juanico

GoldenAgeUSA -Chandeliers

The Average Salary of a Registered Nurse

Employment location or setting affects the salary of a Registered Nurse. RNs are employed by different health care facilities like hospices, homes, hospitals, clinics and schools.

How much does a registered nurse receive on the average?

In a week, RNs work for 40 hours or 2080 hours a year. Median salary is known to be $30.04 per hour. The nurse salary bracket shows the lower 10% to receive $20.20 an hour and the upper 10% to receive $41.97 + an hour.

The highest earning registered nurse takes home $85,000 a year while the lowest paid gets $37,000 a year.

The Employment Details of Registered Nurses

Approximately, 2,340,000 RNs are employed in the US and half of them are working in hospitals. 204,000 of these nurses found work in private clinics. Nursing homes employ about 104,000 nurses and about 100,000 works as traveling nurses or have jobs in employment agencies. The home health care sectors have 114,000 registered nurses employed.

Salaries of nurses being registered employed by either the private or public sectors are lower than those who are self-employed. Examples are traveling nurses who take short term employment contracts but are paid higher. Housing, bonuses and travel allowance are additional incentives travel nurses receive. Some traveling nurses work for nursing employment agencies, some work independently.

Nurses working as legal consultants and educators or are employed in other health-care related businesses receive higher RN salaries than the average.

The employer, size of business and other factors also affect an RN's benefits not only an RN's salary.

The benefits of RNs include:

• Paid time off -nurses being registered are allowed 2 weeks' worth of accumulated paid vacation. The benefit's value increases in accordance to her ability to earn higher. 2 weeks paid time off is equivalent to $2403.00
• Paid sick leave - employees get sick from time to time thus this benefit. A lot of employers grant their employees one week worth of sick time a year which can be converted to $1200.00.
• Paid Holiday Time Off - There are about 6 paid holidays in a year. This means an extra 48 hours paid without work that may be worth $1441.92 for those getting average registered nurse salary.
• SS contribution - most don't consider this a benefit as 6.7% of their salary goes to social security but employers are required to contribute roughly the same amount for the employee's SS. The average RN's salary is $30.04 an hour and annual contribution will be worth $4186.37. Add to this your employer's contribution which should be about the same amount.

A registered nurses compensation package may include Medical, Dental and Vision Insurance, Retirement Plans, Education benefits and Employee Health benefits

Nursing Home - How to Choose the Right One

When a loved one gets infirm or older, sometimes the only alternative is to find them a nursing home to live out the rest of their days in relative comfort. Licensed nursing homes provide skilled care primarily to the elderly, and - hopefully - give peace of mind not only to the people living in them, but also to their relatives and friends.

These days, however, nursing home facilities provide homes not only for people who will live there for the rest of their lives, but also short- term accommodation for those recovering from an operation or hospital stay, especially Medicare patients.

If you are looking for a suitable nursing home for an aging parent or elderly aunt, the choice may be daunting - especially if you have never traveled down this road before. Here are a few tips to help you decide which nursing home is the best for you:

Start early. You never know when Auntie Hilda will suddenly take a turn for the worse, or when she suddenly gets fed up with living on her own. She might want help with daily living, or she may simply crave company. You don't want to force her to move into a place that doesn't meet her requirements. Give yourself - and her - time to nose around.

Shop around. Don't settle for the first available facility. It's best to look around and see what is on offer. Many nursing homes have guided tours in which both you and Auntie Hilda can participate. She might also want to spend an afternoon playing mahjong or canasta with the other seniors to see if she likes the feel of the place.

Check - and compare - the quality of the home. Even if Auntie Hilda loves the place, it's important to see how it adds up in comparison to other homes in the area. It's also a good idea to talk to residents and their families to see what they think of the services provided. Don't just rely on the official tour, as it can be misleading.

Have a set budget. Nursing homes vary considerably, and while you might have a top-of-the-line wish list, it's important to know what you can reasonably afford. This means not only looking at available cash and savings, but also seeing what will be covered by your insurance, Medicaid etc. If Aunt Hilda is unable to take care of herself, of course the costs will be greater.

Know Auntie Hilda's medical needs. Speak to her primary care physician to ascertain what is important for her continuing care, and if the nursing home in questions meets her needs. It's no use finding a facility that looks fantastic and has lots of activities, but doesn't provide sufficient medical care for someone like Aunt Hilda.

Prioritize what's important. The quality of care is most important, but other factors play a role as well. Does Auntie Hilda love to play bridge, does she want to be near her old neighborhood, does she like all her meals prepared in a certain way? If you are her only relative, she might want a place that is close to you and your family - or maybe somewhere that is miles away!

Other Options for More Independent Seniors

If a nursing home isn't the right choice for you, there are other options available to seniors who cannot - or do not - want to live entirely on their own, but who don't need the amount of care a nursing facility would provide. The four main ones, in alphabetical order, include:

Assisted Living. The best ones advertize themselves as a "home away from home", as residents have their own private living quarters as well as their own kitchens, bathrooms and sometimes even their own front doors. Residents are monitored regularly to make sure they are okay, and to provide assistance in

Activities of Daily Living (ADL) when needed.

Congregate Care. The best of both worlds. Seniors live in independent private living quarters but they have shared dining facilities and communal areas, along with a host of recreational activities which they can partake in or not, as they wish. Often some type of transport is also available, assisting with trips to supermarkets and the dentist or doctor.

Continuing Care Retirement Communities (CCRC). Housing, health services and skilled nursing are all provided, although the type of unit and level of care will vary with each individual. Seniors sign a contract which will allow them to stay in one place as they grow older and in need of more and more help.

Intermediate Care. This is for elderly people who need some assistance with their day-to-day functioning, but don't require specific nursing help. They might need help dressing, shopping or bathing themselves, but don't need the specific nursing care you would find in a skilled nursing facility hospital.

Care Outside the Home

Keep in mind that a nursing home may not be the right choice for Auntie Hilda at this time. If she chooses to live outside a nursing home, the community may be able to provide her with some of the services she would normally find in a nursing home environment. Examples include:

Meals on Wheels. Several organizations provide meals to seniors, the most well-known of which is Meals on Wheels. They bring hot, well-prepared meals directly to the door.

Community help with basic needs such as shopping and transport. Sometimes they're called Neighbor helping Neighbor programs, other times they're Adopt-a-Grandparent or care for the elderly.

Elderly visitor programs. Not having regular company is stressful and sad, making people feel isolated and alone. These programs match up individuals with volunteers who visit on a regular basis for a chat and perhaps a cup of tea or game of cards.

Senior community groups. Senior clubs and groups cater to a wide variety of interests and needs, from art, dancing or bridge to mountaineering and politics.

Adult day care. These are for people who are not ready for full-time care, or who have caregivers who need time off to work or rest. Seniors are assessed according to their needs and an active program and treatment plan is tailor-made expressly for them.

Legal assistance with everything from drawing up documents to paying the bills. Many volunteer organizations help seniors with simple things like paying their water bill on time to more complex issues such as selling a property.

Finding the right facility for a loved one is not an insurmountable task, but unless you're incredibly lucky, it's also not one that is accomplished overnight. Take your time and investigate as many possibilities until you find the best place you can. In the long run, taking the time to find the right home that provides the right care will make everyone sleep better at night - and feel a lot happier.

Becoming a Psychiatric Nurse

Psychiatric nurses are basically medical personnel who treat patients who suffer from mental disorders. Just like other fields of specialization, mental health is also an area of specialization. If you have interest to help people with mental disabilities, you can pursue a certification, degree or diploma in psychiatric nursing. Adopting education in this field gives you training in different ways of handling patients suffering from mental disabilities, counseling them and assisting them.

Psychiatric nurse courses
Medical schools offer courses for psychiatric nursing. Official approval has to be acquired for becoming a registered nurse in this field. There also medical schools that offer high education in this field.

There are two levels of education in this field,

Basic Level:
This level of education teaches the student to relate with patients and their mental disorders. The students are trained in diagnosing mental disabilities and taking care of such patients is also taught. This field of study can reward a student with a certificate, degree or a diploma.

Advanced Level:
This level teaches the student about complexities of mental disabilities and dealing with such patients. There are special courses offered that teach about diagnosing, evaluating and treating patients with mental disorders. The psychiatric nurses are also trained in knowing the problems that cause mental disabilities, the nurse is also able to deal with families and not only individuals. This level of education offers masters degree in psychiatric nursing.

Duties of a psychiatric nurse
Because the field of is vast and covers various areas of specialization, this is what anyone willing to become a psychiatric nurse should know. The sensitivity of mental illnesses differs as some are mild and some are complex. Depending on your area of specialization, you would have to deal with every patient depending on his or her condition. Some of the duties of a psychiatric nurse are:

- The nurse can be required to work as a consultant in the case of an individual suffering from mental disorder.
- Counseling, educating and informing families and relatives about issues related to mental health.
- Managing a patient's condition till the time of complete recovery.
- Ensuring that there is a treatment plan and making sure that the plan has been correctly applied.
- Providing emergency psychiatric services and care to patients.
- Providing assessment on those suffering from mental problems.

Different kinds of mental disorders handled by a psychiatric nurse

Depression:
It is low self esteem and changes in moods, lack of interest and appetite.
Dementia:

It is a condition that can affect people in old age, it involves refusal of cognitive functions.
Schizophrenia:

This type of disorder causes an abnormality, whereby a person's sense of reality does not function. These types of patients constantly become hallucinate and delusional much.
Bipolar disorder:

These mental disorders create a serious change in patient's mood. The patient can suffer from depression always stay sad.

The jobs in this field

As there are higher levels of education in the psychiatric nursing field, you can become:

- Research professor in mental institutions
- Hospital administrator
- Child youth mental health specialist

Senior Caregiver Job Training

Anyone considering working as a professional caregiver for a senior home care agency, assisted living community or nursing center, must participate in a training program provided by the senior care company or complete a certified nursing aide or certified home health aide program to be qualified to provide care services.

What type of senior care training is available?

The department of health in each state regulates the certification process for nursing assistants.  All states in the U.S. provide certification for nursing aides and some states also provide the additional certification for home health aides (caregivers who work only in homes) and New York state has an additional certification for pesonal care assistants.

Is certification required to work as a caregiver? 

Working as a companion caregiver in the home does not require certification in most states.  Some states do require caregivers who are staffed in senior's homes to be certified as a home health aide or a presonal care assistant.  Senior home care agencies usually provide training for companion caregivers.  Specific training for caring for seniors with memory loss, hospice and age-related diseases, such as Parkinson's Disease, can be obtained from local hospital community outreach programs and from the advocacy associations for the various diseases.

Some associations providing specialized seminars and training information for caregivers are:

• Alzheimer's Association


• Alzheimer's Foundation of America


• American Parkinson Disease Association


• Parkinson's Disease Foundation


• Hospice Association of America

You may also learn senior caregiving skills by taking nursing aide classes and practice nursing aide skills test.  By reading about age-related illnesses and taking a practice exam for certified nursing aides or a sample test, you can quickly gain more caregiving skills.  You may also gain caregiving skills by working as a senior caregiver for a senior home care agency and may want to apply for a position in your area to begin developing your areas of expertise.

Recourse and Non-Recourse Nurse Staffing Accounts Receivable Factoring: What's the Difference?

What is nurse staffing recourse factoring?

For the most part, recourse factoring is the most common and the most affordable nurse staffing financial help available to business owners. In this type of factoring arrangements, the accounts receivable factoring company will require an agency owner to buy an invoice back if the client does not pay within a specified amount of time. Moreover, the nurse staffing agency owner accepts full credit risk for any and all accounts receivables that it sells to the factoring company.

What is nurse staffing non-recourse factoring?

The other accounts receivable factoring option that owners have is non-recourse factoring. In a nutshell, non-recourse nurse staffing financing agreements hold the factor entirely responsible for an unpaid invoices if the following is true:

• If the hospital, nursing home or vendor management system (VMS) goes bankrupt during the time an agency owner's invoice was factored.


• If the hospital, nursing home or VMS goes out of business during the time an agency owner's invoice was factored.

It's important to keep in mind that non-recourse accounts receivable factoring does not cover the following situations:

• Very late payments when there is no insolvency


• Disputes/challenges with nurse staffing services


• General collections issues

Naturally, both options have pros and cons that an owner should consider before choosing which type of agreement to make. Typically, they will receive lower factoring fees and/or higher advance rates if they choose to enter into a recourse factoring relationship. On the other hand, a non-recourse accounts receivable factoring arrangement buys nurse staffing business owners' protection if a hospital nursing home or VMS goes bankrupt. Ultimately, agency owners need to review their accounts receivable factoring contract in detail with a lawyer to determine which type of arrangement, recourse or non-recourse, is the best fit for their agency.

In Home Care, Assisted Living, or Nursing Home Care: Suit Your Needs

In home care, a relatively recent practice, is becoming highly advocated and sought after. This type of care provides comfort, familiarity and flexibility, all while providing assistance with daily activities and medical needs. Overall, this type of care is a great way for seniors to maintain their independence while receiving the care they need and deserve. Even though in home care may be the best option for many seniors, other care facilities are also available and have positive perks. It all depends on what you are looking for when it comes to care.

As we and our loved ones age, choosing between in home care, assisted living and nursing homes is a big and important decision. Each care service provides different types of services depending on what your needs are. In home care allows for people to remain in the comfort of their own home, assisted living gives you flexibility and nursing homes provide constant medical care. If you are someone who does not have big health care demands, in home care may be the best option for you. Read on to learn more about in home care, assisted living and nursing homes and determine what might suit your needs best.

In home care can prepare a senior citizen to retire and live the golden years by looking forward to a different lifestyle. Of course it takes a bit of getting used to when transitioning to being a grandparent and having the daily stresses of a larger family and the ending of a lifelong career. It is not to say that we don't have our share of concerns for senior citizens though. Physical and mental health, finances and proper care are important to think about as we, or our loved ones, age. Finding the right kind of in or out of home care is of great importance for both seniors and their loved ones.

With the transition into this slower lifestyle we also develop a new set of concerns, among choosing between which type of care is best for you. Your physical condition is often on your mind as your body ages and undergoes changes. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle is of great importance and prolongs both your health and satisfaction. Finances can also be one of your concerns as you worry about supporting yourself, and/or your children and grandchildren. But as already stated, one of greatest concerns often thought about by senior citizens is the living circumstance or where they will end up living. The big decision regarding living lies in the choice between nursing homes, assisted living or in home care, and is based on financial and physical needs.

Depending on your physical condition, finances and preference, you can determine which type of care is the best choice is for you or your loved one.

There are a lot of options available when it comes to finding a place to live outside of your own home. Assisted living and nursing homes are two options for medical care outside the home. Assisted living provides you with the ability to stay in an apartment, probably similar to one you lived in your younger years, with medical staff and people your own age available to suit your medical and personal needs. Assisted living allows you the independence and flexibility to manage your life without the restrictions of the nursing home facility. However, assisted living does not provide the non-stop medical needs that a nursing home would.

Nursing homes provide you with the security of full-time medical staff. This is comforting for people with high health demands. Nursing homes also have exercise facilities that can fit your weekend physical needs, and cater to the needs of both meals and personal care.

These days in home care provides similar care, activities and assistance as assisted living and nursing homes. In home care allows you the flexibility and comfort of living in your own home while having caregivers and skilled nurses visit you depending on what your needs are. Nurses are available for the medical care you may need and trained individuals can run errands and complete household chores, among other tasks. In other words, you are provided all the assistance you may need while you remain in your own home and have the privacy and comfort you've been used to all of your life.

Studies have found that people feel more comfortable, recover faster, and feel safer in their own home than in any other facility, making in home care a great option for senior care!

Another nice thing about in home care is that it provides a much cheaper alternative than assisted-living or nursing home care. Depending on your physical needs, visits can be as infrequent as one hour per day or as much as 24 hours, making the cost per hour or the cost per day considerably less than living in a nursing home. Nowadays nursing home costs are on an annual basis of almost $100,000, which for many, is an unattainable option.

Independence, which senior citizens enjoy, is the other benefit of in home care. Even if you need transportation to hair appointments, need assistance with getting your shopping done, or any other chores, in home care simultaneously grants you the feeling of comfort and familiarity of living in your own home. As stated before, studies show that people recover faster at home than they do anywhere else.

If you need more time and further consideration when it comes to choosing care for you or your loved one, take the time to compare your options. You will come to find that, unless your physical requirements are very demanding, in home care will probably be the best and most cost-effective for you. In home care specialists are concerned with your safety and well-being, making in home care a worriless option for you as well as the people in your life who are concerned about finding you proper care.

How to Find Extra Funding and Money For Elder Care

Extra funds to help pay for Mom and Dads elder care takes some investigation. Sometimes the largest barrier to getting more help for your elderly parent is the cost of the assistance. Seniors are often reluctant to spend money on additional services when they are on a fixed income. Helping them find affordable alternatives and even extra funds to pay for additional care can give them a safe home. Involving the family is important in planning for financial decisions to assist seniors with sometimes complex requirements. Was your Dad a veteran? Even if Dad has passed away, Mom might now be able to get up to $1056 a month to help pay for in-home care or Assisted Living. The application process can be difficult for a senior to do alone. They will need a persistent advocate to help them access additional funds.

Money Follows the Person. It is possible that you can move out of the Nursing Home after a lengthy stay. Pilot program funds that help nursing home residents relocate back to independent living. The money can be used to pay for a senior moving service, buy furniture/appliances, home modification, personal caregivers even establish funds for a security deposit and first months rent. You want to contact your State Department of Aging to see if they participate in this federal grant program.

Reverse Mortgages. Having a desire to stay at home includes persons who may have equity in their home but poor cash flow on a fixed income to pay for additional care. Older adults over 62 can convert equity into cash to cover home modification or any use the older adult wishes to enhance their life. The program is regulated and a viable option for many seniors. A Reverse Mortgage Specialist is a great resource for more information.

Free Referral Services: Helping a family that does not have a plan is a difficult situation for health care professionals. Help the family focus on what you need for the next step. Organizations can provide free referral services, they help match seniors and families to a variety of senior resources. They include in home care providers and senior housing alternatives. Many other programs for specific concerns exist that can bring resources to the senior to help them stay at home or to move. Some additional examples include programs for seniors with income under state guidelines; Meals-on-Wheels, Community Care Program, Adult Day Care Programs, emergency home response, home modifications have various funding sources as well as programs for higher incomes including Respite Care, benefit check up, enhanced volume phones and local transportation programs.

Veterans Aid and Attendance: Veterans and surviving spouses of Veterans that served during specific war-time periods (such as World War II, the Korean War, Vietnam and after) who need home care or living in an Assisted Living or even a Retirement Community may qualify for funds. Funding amounts for 2009 ranges from $23,396 to $12,681 annually per household. Studies show that only 25% of eligible veterans and only 17% of eligible widows participate in the program. If you know someone who needs care, encourage the senior or family members to seek out appropriate service providers to help them. Most adult caregivers feel guilty that they have to ask for help. If you are well informed, you have a better chance to reduce the stress in trying to find services for your elderly loved ones. Keep in mind that most families are not familiar with the variety of services available to them. It can really help to reach out to an expert.

Veteran's Administration Program Helps Vets With Senior Living Expenses

It may be one of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs' best kept secrets - and it helps veterans pay their senior living expenses! If you are a retired wartime veteran looking for ways to help pay for senior living care, the Veteran's Aid & Attendance Pension Benefit (also called 'A&A') may be for you.

A&A is classified as a special pension benefit which is paid in addition to other VA benefits. It is available to wartime veterans and their spouses, and helps defray the cost of senior living care whether you live at home or in a nursing, assisted living or senior care facility. A&A is also available to the veteran's spouse or widow, as well. Because it is considered financial assistance rather than VA compensation, it remains largely unknown and underutilized.

Not everyone qualifies for A&A, and the amounts provided to veterans vary according to financial need. Here are five common questions about the A&A benefit:

1. How Much Does A&A Contribute?
The Veteran's Aid & Attendance Pension Benefit is a needs-based program that provides up to $1,703 each month for a veteran. A surviving spouse is eligible to receive up to $1,094 monthly, and a couple is eligible to receive $2,019 monthly.

2. What is a Wartime Veteran?
The A&A benefit is only available to wartime veterans. That means the veteran needs to have served at least one day of his service during a time of war (World Wars I and II, Korea, Vietnam and the Persian Gulf wars all qualify). The veteran does not need to have seen combat or served overseas, but must have received an honorable discharge.

3. Do I Qualify For Needs-Based Assistance?
Eligibility is based on need. The veteran or spouse must have limited assets. Limited assets is generally defined as less than $80,000, but remember - homes, vehicles and life insurance policies don't count toward the total asset amount.

4. How Do I Establish a Need for A&A?
The veteran or surviving spouse need must have a doctor establish their need for assistance. Typically, a doctor must document a need for daily assistance by others in order to complete tasks such as feeding, bathing, getting dressed, cooking or remove or placing prosthetics devices. Bedridden vets and spouses - as well as those suffering from mental or physical incapacitation - also qualify.

5. What if I Don't Need Constant Help? Do I Still Qualify?
It isn't necessary that the veteran or spouse require assistance with all of their everyday tasks. It is only necessary to provide medical evidence that the veteran or spouse cannot function entirely by themselves.

The VA's A&A program allows society to give back and provide for our country's heroes in the autumn of their lives, beyond Medicaid and a Veteran's Administration nursing home.

What Should You Expect From Assisted Living Facilities?

If you ever cringed at the idea of putting your loved ones in a nursing home then you may very be interested in learning about assisted living facilities. What is it that we seem to dislike about nursing homes? It's that our loved ones lose their independence, isn't it? We don't like the scenario anymore than they do-that someone else has to feed them, clothe them and clean up after them.

The Advantages of an Assisted Living Facility

What's nice about assisted living facilities is that the residents keep their independence as much as physically possible. This type of home is ideal for an aging or infirm family member that can still manage to move around the house and who does not require any doctor or nurse supervision. There are a great number of people who might require daily assistance for cleaning, cooking, eating or simply performing day-to-day chores. It is believed that one million Americans are currently living in such a facility.

What kinds of residents currently live in assisted living facilities? There are many different people residing in these homes, each with his/her own ailments and desires. Some residents are widowed. Some may be suffering from memory loss. Others are mentally and physically strong but prefer to be around people their own age. Others may have problems with mobility or incontinence. The majority of patients in such a home do not have pressing medical needs, and so they do not require hospitalization or constant surveillance.

The Differences Between Assisted Living Homes and Nursing Homes

Another factor that distinguishes assisted living facilities from nursing homes is the flexibility of location. Such a facility can be hosted inside an apartment complex or even a large home. Though each facility will differ in protocol, generally speaking, patients are served three meals a day and receive regular visits from staff members. The amount of time the staff member spends at the facility can vary. Some patients require 24-hours of surveillance. Others however, will only require a couple of visits a day.

It largely depends on the conditions reported. If a resident is not capable of bathing or dressing himself then there may be a need for regular supervision. If a resident mainly needs help in cooking meals, lifting heavy objects, doing laundry or running errands outside, then there will be less stringent monitoring.

Assisted living facilities are not medical facilities and so do not have a doctor or nurse on staff. Some facilities may have a doctor on call in case of medical emergencies. However, staff members are usually not authorized to perform any medical procedures. What they can do is help make the life of a resident easier by performing menial tasks and by socializing with the residents.

Staff members at assisted living facilities can help to create health and exercise programs as well as social or educational activities to keep residents mentally and physically active. The best facilities often times have recreation rooms, exercise rooms, chapels and libraries. Another advantage of an assisted living community is that such a service may take your relative outside of the home for field trips.

Remember that this is a very important time in your relative's life. Just because he or she is aging does not mean that life is over. Now more than ever, your loved one needs emotional support and a reason to stay alive and enjoy life. Assisted living facilities promote independence, which is healthy to a person's self-confidence. Talk to a specialist today to learn more about your options!

Assisted Living: Facing the Choice

There may come a time in your life when you will want to or have to care for an elderly parent or loved one at home. In moments like these, a senior's health can be uncertain and can turn downward quickly and deteriorate. You may not be able to manage the amount of care and attention that's now needed. That's when you will be at a crossroad not knowing which direction to take. Do you continue caring for them or do you find them an assisted living facility? When facing the choice where to move their loved one into an assisted living facility or skilled nursing facility certainly isn't a decision that should be made hastily. Because there is no certain age criteria, one must look at the actual their physical and emotional health of the person in consideration.

What Is an Assisted Living Facility?

The Department of Public Health in California licenses all assisted living facilities, also commonly known and licensed as Residential Care Facilities for the Elderly. Most of these assisted living facilities provide 24-hour guardian care and attention. Some facilities may have a certified RN nurse that can offer skilled nursing when and if needed. In many cases these facilities are Medi-Cal and are Medicare certified. Some only accept private funds.

Outside a medical facility, an assisted living facility offers the maximal level of care offered for elder adults. The staff assists the residents with meals, getting dressed, bathing, getting in and out of bed, as well as assistance with administering medication. The facilities often have a weekly calendar of planned activities and social gatherings.

Indicators of Possible Assisted Living Admission

If your loved one is moving out of their home for the first time, it can be very traumatic to the individual relocating. In either case, expect some opposition especially if there are some distinguished "warning signs" that it's time to consider the move. Please note that only a doctor can detect the correct indications of an assisted living facility. When uncertain, contact their primary physician right away:

• Disability: Seniors whom are physically disabled will benefit from this type of support. Ones who have limited mobility or that are utilizing wheelchairs will have more difficulty performing even simple tasks. Staff can help with taking care of personal needs, moving from one place to another and assist with walking without risking injury.


• Ill health: Frequent hospitalizations or requiring constant observation because of an affliction, then consider a skilled nursing facility rather than an assisted living facility. Other life-threatening health problems such as a stroke, heart attack or hip fracture are also indicators that your loved one needs the care available from a nursing home staff.


• Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease: a resident with Advanced stages of Alzheimer's Disease or type of dementia is better accommodated and at times, safer in a skilled nursing facility. Some of these "red flags" and warning signs may include; no longer being able to remember simple information or communicate clearly, unable to care for oneself, or the refusal to take prescribed medication.

In the end, you may not have a choice but to find a "home" for your senior. But as you can see, there are many benefits to choosing the best assisted living facility. Finding the "best" or actually the "right" facility doesn't come as an easy task. That's when Elder Care Referral agencies and services such as We Know A Place are useful resources. By finding an agency local to you, they will be familiar with the surrounding facilities. Once they have assessed the level of care needed, they in turn will help you determine which assisted living facility is the "best" one.

Protect Assets From Nursing Homes - Medicaid Eligibility & Application

Question 1: Medicaid income eligibility requirements: Can I transfer income and assets to my children before going into a nursing home and still qualify for Medicaid?

This is likely not possible. When applying for Medicaid you must understand that under the 60-month look-back Rule, Medicaid coverage can be denied if assets have been transferred within 60 months prior to applying for the benefits. As described previously, if you were to gift or divest your assets to your children within 5 years of entering a nursing home and you apply for Medicaid online or off, you will be denied coverage until the money is returned. The real problem comes in when the children spend the money and do not have it to give back in a situation like this one.

Question 2: Medicaid application: Is it too late to give away my assets and qualify for Medicaid if I am already in a nursing home?

It's never too late to reallocate your assets. It is possible to give away all assets and then in 5 years become eligible for Medicaid.

Question 3: Should I make use of a trust to protect my assets?

It is much more beneficial to use an irrevocable trust instead of transferring assets to family members. Seek for the UltraTrust(TM) for superior irrevocable trust asset protection.

Question 4: How to apply for Medicaid: Are there other ways to protect my assets?

There are many ways to protect assets. Medicaid will not penalize anyone if they choose to spend their assets; however, one must be careful to avoid fraudulent conveyance. Fraudulent conveyance is the act of divesting your assets for less than a fair market value consideration or payment. An expert can walk you through a proper estate plan that will avoid these potential problems or contact Estate Street Partners.

Question 5: How can I protect my home?

Medicaid allows for the applicant to retain a principal residence. Your home is considered exempt property. However, unless there is a surviving spouse, Medicaid will be reimbursed if the home is sold after your death by a lien being put on the home. This is where it is advised to sell or transfer to an irrevocable trust such as the UltraTrust(TM)

Question 6: Is it wrong to hide assets to qualify for Medicaid?

When applying for Medicaid, full financial disclosure is required. It is best to consult with an elder law expert before making any decisions or contact Estate Street Partners.

Question 7: Is this information reliable?

These are just a few questions that are commonly asked. When applying for Medicaid, it is always best to do the research. Find out what the current requirements are for eligibility in your state and consult with an experience attorney or contact Estate Street Partners to discuss your assets. States typically offer online information and forms that you may download and print, however no states allow you to currently apply for Medicaid online. To get simple information about your state's Medicaid application eligibility, forms, contact information, and address as well as an overview of your states plan, click here.

Question 8: Should I hire an expert?

Simply stated: absolutely. This is the best way to make sure laws are being followed and your assets are protected.

Question 9: How do I find an expert?

Any expert that practices elder law can help or contact Estate Street Partners. Make sure the expert is experienced and has a good rapport. You want to make sure you trust the right person with your assets.

10 Important Steps To Take When Injured In An Accident

1. Make sure the police have all of the information they need about the accident.


2. Record the names and addresses of involved parties and witnesses to the accident.


3. Keep your family doctor informed of your injury.


4. Notify your insurance company as soon as practicable of your car accident.


5. Notify your employer or school.


6. Record the names and contact information of your health care professionals.


7. Record insurance information.


8. Keep receipts for all related expenses. Family members should also record dates and time spent caring for the injured person.


9. Check for other insurance coverage (i.e. through your work, school or private plans).


10. Contact a reputable lawyer and know your rights.

Steps to Take After a Motor Vehicle Accident

1. Ensure that the police have been informed about the accident


2. Notify your employer or school


3. Notify the Accident Benefits insurance company within 7 days (see page 3 for more information)


4. Check for access to other insurance coverage (i.e. through work, school, private plans, etc.)


5. Keep receipts, dates and records of all related expenses for both you and your family members (i.e. parking, hotel costs, days off work, time spent caring for the injured person, etc.)


6. Inform your family doctor of the accident and your injury


7. Record the names and addresses of the other motorists involved in the accident along with the names and addresses of any witnesses

Am I Entitled to Accident Benefits?

YES - Anyone injured in a motor vehicle accident is automatically entitled to "Accident Benefits". Accident Benefits (see chart on next page) are available whether you were driving, were a passenger or were a pedestrian hit by a motor vehicle (and are available even if the accident was your fault).

Making an Accident Benefits claim does not affect your insurance rates.

When and How Do I Obtain Accident Benefits?

Within 7 days of the motor vehicle accident, you must call the appropriate motor vehicle insurer (see pages that follow about who to call) stating that you want to apply for Accident Benefits. The sooner you call, the better. You may need therapy, equipment, assistive devices, attendant care or other medical services upon discharge from hospital. If you call the insurer early, benefits can be coordinated so that you will have what you need when you get home.

If you do not call the insurer within 7 days, you may not get your benefits immediately.

An application for Accident Benefits will need to be completed. The application form can be obtained from your social worker at the hospital, from the Insurance company or from a personal injury lawyer.

To obtain compensation for time spent by your family caring for you, an Occupational Therapist or Registered Nurse will need to complete a specific form called a Form 1. However, to qualify for this benefit, the expenses must meet the specific definition of being an "incurred" expense. A Personal Injury lawyer can assist you in qualifying for this benefit. There are other forms which will likely need to be completed to obtain some of the other Accident Benefits.

Why are Accident Benefits Important?

Accident Benefits can assist you financially with your therapy costs, the cost of caring for you in hospital and at home, and other needs while in hospital and at home.

Key Accident Benefits Available to Anyone Injured in a Motor Vehicle Accident:

• Medical and Rehabilitation Benefits - to pay for your medical treatment, therapy, medication and required equipment, housing alternatives and transportation


• Attendant Care Benefits - to compensate those, including family members, for providing care to you while injured


• Income Replacement Benefits - to compensate you for some of the income you have lost as a result of your inability to return to work due to your injuries (to a maximum of $400 per week)


• Visitation Expenses - to reimburse immediate family members for visitation expenses including travel, parking, meals and accommodations


• Services of a Case Manager - to pay for a rehabilitation coordinator to immediately assist with your recovery (this benefit is only available in "catastrophic impairment" cases)

There are also additional benefits that may be available including: lost education expenses, housekeeping and home maintenance benefits, non-earner benefits, caregiver benefits and damage to clothing expenses. In cases of death, death and funeral benefits are available.

Note: The availability of the above benefits will vary based on the severity of your injury and whether optional insurance benefits are available to you.

Keep All Receipts Related to Treatment

Because receipts help to prove to the insurance company what accident-related expenses you or your family have paid for, you should keep all receipts.

Catastrophic and Non-Catastrophic Impairments

There are monetary limits on the amount of Accident Benefits that are available depending on the severity of your injury. The maximums that are available increase significantly in cases of "catastrophic impairment". Cases of "catastrophic impairment" generally involve serious head injuries, paralysis, loss of use of a limb, complete loss of vision and certain other serious injuries. A personal injury lawyer will be able to explain this definition and advise you whether you have sustained a "catastrophic impairment".

Which Insurer Should I Call for Accident Benefits?

To claim Accident Benefits, you should call the first insurer that applies to you, from the list below:

• the insurer of your motor vehicle


• the insurer of the motor vehicle in which you were a passenger


• the insurer of the at-fault driver or owner


• the insurer of any other motor vehicle involved in the accident


• the Motor Vehicle Accident Claims Fund (call 1-800-268-7188)

When you call the insurer, tell them that you want to start an Accident Benefits claim. The insurer will ask you for some basic information, including the following:

• name and age of the injured person


• the nature of the injuries


• your insurance policy number and motor vehicle information, and


• basic details about the accident.

Warning When Speaking to The Insurer

Be careful: something you may mention to an insurance representative may have a negative impact on your rights. Most personal injury lawyers recommend that you do not go into great detail when initially speaking with the insurance representative.

After You Have Spoken to The Insurer

Once you have talked with the insurer, if you have not yet received one, the insurer will send you an application for Accident Benefits. An adjuster will be assigned to your file. The adjuster will be your main contact at the insurance company and will provide you with a claim number for your file.

Within 30 days of receiving an application for Accident Benefits, you must send the completed application to the accident benefit insurer. If the form is not filled out and sent in, you will not get any compensation.

The application for Accident Benefits will include a Disability Certificate. Where possible, a completed Accident Benefit application and a completed Disability Certificate should be sent to the accident benefit insurer as soon as possible in order to ensure that benefits are paid in a timely manner.

Are Accident Benefits Available If I Have a Private Health Plan?

Accident Benefits are available regardless of whether you have a health plan that may cover some of your medical expenses and/or income loss. Private health plans are often more limited than Accident Benefits in the types of coverage and amounts available to be paid.

If you are eligible for medical or disability benefits through a private or work-related health plan, that health plan will be the first insurance company in line to pay for certain expenses, before the accident benefit insurer. However, it is prudent to apply to both insurance companies to access coverage for all of your needs.

Getting Help at The Hospital

The hospital employs social workers who are trained to help patients injured in a motor vehicle accident and their families with basic insurance matters. Whenever possible the social worker will help coordinate the completion of the Disability Certificate and, where appropriate the Application for Determination of Catastrophic Impairment. However, you will be responsible for completing the actual application for Accident Benefits.

Right to Obtain Compensation From At-Fault Persons

You and your family may have the right to obtain compensation from anyone potentially responsible for the accident. These claims are over and above any Accident Benefits you may be entitled to receive.

Injuries must be considered 'permanent' and 'serious' before you can be compensated in a motor vehicle accident claim for your pain and suffering. In addition, compensation for pain and suffering is subject to a deductible of $30,000, unless the award exceeds $100,000.

Other family members may obtain compensation for their loss of care, guidance and companionship, but these claims are subject to a deductible of $15,000, unless the award exceeds $50,000. In cases of fatality, no deductible applies.

In a claim, family members may, among other things, recover income they have lost while caring for you, as well as other out-of-pocket expenses that have not otherwise been reimbursed.

In some cases, claims against at-fault persons will include claims for:

• Future income loss or loss of opportunity that you suffer as a result of your injuries


• Future medical and rehabilitation expenses, and


• Future attendant care services.

Limitation Periods

In almost all cases you only have two years from the date of a motor vehicle accident to start a lawsuit against the at-fault party, otherwise you may be prevented from starting a lawsuit.

Getting a Personal Injury Lawyer

Accessing the benefits that you are entitled to and protecting your rights against an at-fault party can be very complicated. You and your family may want to ask a personal injury lawyer for assistance. Most lawyers who specialize in personal injury claims will meet with you, free of charge and without obligation.

Free CNA Classes in Texas - How To Find Them

Now that you've decided to become a CNA, you need to get training from an accredited training provider in Texas. A college or nursing care facility that is accredited by the Texas nursing board is your best bet for getting trained. After completing the training you will be eligible for the certification exam that will get you a step closer to becoming a certified nursing aide.

If you can't afford the tuition costs for CNA training, there are a couple of ways you can get it for free. One of those ways is to ask your nearest Job Corps office if they're providing CNA classes. There are four Job Corps offices in Texas. They are located in San Marcos, El Paso, Laredo and Mckinney. Not only do they have CNA courses from time to time but they also offer pharmacy technician and medical assisting courses. Both of those are great alternatives to CNA training should you opt for them.

Another way of getting free nurse aide training in texas is through nursing care facilities. There are a lot of nursing homes in Houston, Dallas and Austin who you can approach for employment. Basically, you should look for nursing homes that are looking for CNA's. You then approach them with an interest to work as a CNA. A lot of these facilities will hire you and then pay to get you certified since there is an imminent shortage of CNA's across the United States. You can rest assured that this will be the case for many years to come since the demand for CNA's is rising every year.

Sometimes, you can contact the nurse aide registry or the Texas nursing board and ask them if the government is having any subsidized training programs. If there are any that are running at that moment, the cost will usually be minimal enough for you to be able to join.

Addressing Concerns About Having Elderly Parents

It's not a surprise that most seniors prefer to remain in their homes as long as they can. Moving into a nursing home can make them depressed as they view nursing homes as a place to wait for death. One of their biggest fears is the loss of independence. Living in their own home can be therapeutic for them as they are in familiar surroundings.

In some cases, home care is a great option for the elderly. Being in familiar territory will give them peace of mind. Being placed in a nursing home can mean having fewer choices such as when and what to eat and when to wake up. Also, nursing homes can be really expensive as opposed to home care.

There are many options available to the elderly in terms of their care. They can be provided with homecare whether by a family member or by a paid caregiver. Either way, there will be a cost associated. For instance, a family member providing care may have to deal with lost wages by staying home while hiring someone outside will also come at a cost. These are just some issues involved with having elderly parents. Other issues will force you to discover what is best for them. Whatever decisions are made depends on their needs and wishes. Let's look at some of these areas worth discussing with them.

1. What are your parent's thoughts about being independent? Find out what's most important to them at this point in their lives. Is being close to family and friends an important thing to them? Another thing to think about is if they have health issues which may affect where they live.

2. As your parents get older, things such as living wills and power of attorney become even more important. Decisions like these should be made as early as possible and should involve persons they trust.

3. Aging parents should ensure that all their affairs are in order and understood by the family.

4. What is the state of their health? Should they have a living will or other directives for health care? If they do, what are they? And if they don't, should they?

These are some relevant issues to visit and start talking about with your parents. Keep in mind however, these tips to ensure that whatever dialogue is had, is productive.

Do not waste time as the sooner you start discussing these issues, the more time you have to react. Being reactive as opposed to proactive in a sticky situation is not a good way to deal with aging issues. Also, be sensitive as having to discuss issues such as these can be stressful for them. It's not a very happy time to be discussing their mortality.

Never try to overwhelm them by bombarding them with a bunch of questions at once. Address these issues over time. In addition, if you have outstanding issues with your aging parents, don't attempt to drudge up the past. This is not an appropriate time for reprisal.

Discussing these important family issues before a situation occurs is an essential step in making the preparations for providing adequate care for elderly parents.

Las Vegas Nursing Homes

Las Vegas is considered the entertainment capital of the world. It is located in the southwestern corner of the state of Nevada. It is the fastest growing metropolitan area in the United States. There are many people who cannot adjust to a changed pattern of a retired life. While some want to live close to their friends or family, there are others who want to live in nursing homes, retirement homes, or home health care centers. In Las Vegas there are many nursing homes that are attended by physicians for the residents. Some nursing homes are also homes for the mental or disabled children or adults.

Nursing homes provide a suitable atmosphere for ailing people to have a pleasant recovery. They are made to feel at ease with different recreational activities that are regularly conducted. Specialists in different fields attend to the patients regularly. It becomes very convenient for them, as they do not have to move to distant areas for treatment. The physicians provide medical support besides providing medication, and treating serious medical conditions.

There are many people who are not able to take care of their elders, due to their job constraints or other important responsibilities. In such as situation, nursing homes are the most suitable place to shelter them. At times, physicians such as cardiologist, themselves recommend them to stay in nursing homes. The atmosphere of a nursing home is lively, with a number of old or retired people who share their experiences and enjoy different recreational activities.

In Las Vegas there are a number of nursing homes. Internet provides an access to these homes, and helps people know about the facilities that are provided. People can easily select an appropriate home closer to their residence. There are articles and reviews that compare various nursing homes. It gives a clear idea about the services or overall atmosphere of the nursing homes. Generally, nursing homes are located away from the busy areas of the city. The main focus is to encourage or support active adult living.

How to Look for Nursing Assistant Jobs

A nursing assistant job can be a satisfying career option if you are a person that enjoys helping other people.

There is a constant need for nursing assistants in the health care field. If a person knows what to look for in an employer then they can use this to help secure a job. The need for nursing assistants is critical and most employers are willing to pay for the applicant's training and education in order to entice them into the career. This shortage of nursing assistants can be used to one's advantage in order to gain the best terms of employment possible.

There are many ways to look for nursing assistant jobs. One can use the classifieds or the internet to look for job listings. A person checking these avenues will be inundated with job listings. Since there are so many jobs to choose from one can take their time selecting a posting. Being careful and taking time to go through the job listing will save time, energy and money later. Read and re-read all the job descriptions and make a short list of the listing that appeal to you. Repeat this process till you are left with four or five listings. The job listing you are left with should be the ones that offer the best pay, have great work hours and give good benefits.

Once you have the short list, you can start contacting the employers. You will need to use your discretion to determine whether the terms offered are suitable or not. Sometimes employers are not willing to give out information over the phone or email. In cases like this it has been my experience that the employer does not have much to offer and so us this tactic to not scare the applicant away. Most nursing assistant jobs should be avoided because they waste valuable time in filling out applications that will not yield desired results.

When going for the interview, walk in prepared and confident. Remember that you have much to offer and are not looking for a handout. You have a skill that is in demand and that the employer is willing to pay for. Prepare your resume and make sure it is up to date with all the pertinent data. Dress appropriately and don't hesitate to ask questions during the interview. Don't hesitate to bargain and hold your position because in the end the employer is looking for someone that is confident and competent.

VA Aid & Attendance Benefit - Friend Or Foe?

As much as the VA Non-Service Connected Pension Benefit (more commonly referred to as "Aid & Attendance") is useful in offsetting the high cost of eldercare, it can significantly affect a person's ability to qualify for Medicaid in assisted living after their assets are exhausted. As welcoming as the additional income might be, it is NOT always in the best interest of the person applying, especially if they might need Medicaid before they need a higher level of care. Keep in mind, once the additional income is awarded the Veteran or surviving spouse cannot stop the benefit in order to qualify for Medicaid.

Recently an Aging with Grace Eldercare Specialist received a call from a frantic daughter whose mom was living in a Florida memory care assisted living community owned by one of the largest assisted living providers in the country. Sixteen months ago, the assisted living provider paid an organization to assist the family with obtaining the VA surviving spouse aid and attendance benefit. This increased the woman's monthly income to $2600.00/month and provided the additional funds, along with her 50K in savings, to move in into this lovely community.

Now with less than 10K in savings, she will be unable to continue to pay the $3850.00 each month. Even if this provider did participate in the Medicaid waiver program for assisted living, this resident would not qualify since the additional $1057.00 from the VA puts her over the state's Medicaid threshold of $2022.00. Although long term nursing home care is not needed at this time, her income may leave her with no other alternative. In this particular situation, the benefit representative "hired" by the assisted living provider never addressed or didn't recognize the possible need for Medicaid after her assets were depleted.

With independent and assisted living providers introducing the VA benefit to potential residents for this additional monthly income, we are seeing more and more people in the same situation. Not only is it a violation of the federal guidelines for an "interested" third party (such as a provider) to pay a fee on behalf of a Veteran family for this type of service, the providers can and have found themselves in liable situations.

Federal Regulation 38 CFR 14.636: Payment of fee by disinterested third party. (i) An agent or attorney may receive a fee or salary from an organization, governmental entity, or other disinterested third party for representation of a claimant or appellant even though the conditions set forth in paragraph (c) of this section have not been met. An organization, governmental entity, or other third party is considered disinterested only if the entity or individual does not stand to benefit financially from the successful outcome of the claim. In no such case may the attorney or agent charge a fee which is contingent, in whole or in part, on whether the matter is resolved in a manner favorable to the claimant or appellant.

It is critical that our veterans and their families work with individuals who are knowledgeable about both the VA benefit and Medicaid with an understanding of the potential impact the additional income can have. By offering a free pre-qualification analysis, a consultant can determine a client's potential eligibility and identify possible conflicts. Fees paid by the Veteran family are strictly for pre-filing consultation to assist them assembling the documentation needed for a well developed claim.

By anticipating all of the documentation requirements that are necessary and submitting them with the original application, the time from submission to a decision is shortened. Certified veteran benefits consultants are private practitioners and are not connected with the Department of Veterans Affairs. They comply with federal statutes and regulations governing the preparation, presentation and prosecution of any claim for veterans' benefits with the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs.

Is a Residential Care Facility for the Elderly (RCFE) a Good Choice for My Elderly Loved One?

A Residential Care Facility for the Elderly (RFCE) is an elder care facility located in residential neighborhoods that have 4 to 6 elderly people living together with 1 or more live-in caregivers. Levels of care vary for every RCFE and could be adjusted for the level of care your elderly loved one needs at varying times in their life.

RCFEs offer a variety of room settings from completely private with private bathrooms to shared rooms with community bathrooms. Whatever the room arrangement, seniors are typically able to move in their furniture and other necessities, providing them with a sense of ownership in their settings. If they have a private room, it may be just like the bedroom they enjoyed in their own home, only they are well cared for and will typically have their cooking, laundry and cleaning done for them.

Even if a RCFE sounds like a good choice for your elderly loved one initially, there are some things to consider before beginning to look for a facility to place your elderly loved one, such as:

• What level of care does my elderly loved one need?
  RCFEs vary in the level of care they provide for their residents. However, if your loved one needs around the clock medical care, a RCFE is not a good choice for them. Their needs would be better met in a nursing home. If your elderly loved one simply needs some supervision, companionship, and reminders to take their medicine at the correct time a RCFE may be too boring or restricting for them; an assisted living facility may be a better choice.


• If your elderly loved one has dementia, some RCFEs may not be prepared to care for them.
  Some RCFE caregivers are not trained to care for residents with dementia. There may be state regulations concerning the RCFEs ability to take in seniors with dementia. It may be wise to ask the RCFE about their policy and regulations if dementia is a problem.


• If your elderly loved one has an infectious or communicable disease, many RCFEs will not accept them.
  As RCFEs are small communities with residents who are susceptible to disease. In the best interest of their other residents, they may not accept your elderly loved one if they have an infectious or communicable disease, like MRSA.


• Most RCFEs do require a deposit, and may require first and last month's rent.
  Are you prepared to cover up front costs? As well, while RCFEs are typically more reasonable than an assisted living facility, some or most insurances will not cover the cost. You may need to check with your elderly loved one's insurance company and the RCFE administrator to see what policies are in place.


• Do you think a smaller setting would benefit your elderly loved one?
  Because there are only 4 to 6 residents in a facility, a more active or social senior may become bored or disheartened by such a small community. However, if your elderly loved one needs more intensive care than a larger community can provide this may be the best option for them.

If you do choose an RCFE for your elder care needs, be sure that the facilities you choose are currently licensed by your state, if mandated to be, and that you visit each one with your loved one before you make any final decisions.

Work Related Hernias - What Is a Hernia and Who Can Claim Compensation for One?

Hernias are far more common than most people imagine, with roughly a quarter of males (but only 3% of women) suffering inguinal hernias at some point during their lives. Inguinal hernias involve a rupture of the abdominal wall, caused by muscle weakness in the groin region. Portions of the lower bowel, intestines and fatty tissues protrude through, causing a visible bump, that will normally feel uncomfortable and ache periodically. A large percentage of hernias are caused by physically demanding tasks in the workplace. Legislation enforces strict responsibilities on employers to take all reasonable measures to protect employees from the risk of injuries at work. Hernias are often the direct result of an employer's negligence in this regard, and where this is the case they may be sued for compensation by an injured worker.

Doctors always advise surgical intervention when an inguinal hernia is detected, as there is otherwise a risk of the hernia cutting off the blood supply, damaging soft tissues and obstructing the bowel (known as a strangulated hernia). An inguinal hernia is repaired by massaging the protuberance back inside its cavity, and then sealing the rupture in the abdominal wall with a synthetic mesh or plastic gauze. Other less common types of hernia, including hiatus hernias (lower chest) and femoral hernias (inner thigh) will be treated in the same manner. Hernia repair operations are carried out under anaesthetic, and the 2 weeks following the operation will be the most difficult for the patient, involving often intense pain and complete lack of mobility. The healing period normally takes 2-3 months, though there may be ongoing weakness and physical limitations many months later, as well as a long-term risk of recurrence.

A direct inguinal hernia is one that is caused by deterioration of the abdominal muscles, as opposed to an indirect inguinal hernia, that is caused by congenital defects. Most work related hernias are direct inguinal hernias, caused by sudden trauma or continuous physical stress. This is usually the result of heavy or repetitive manual handling tasks in the workplace. Lifting, carrying, pulling and pushing of heavy or awkward weights, especially in confined spaces, can lead to a worker developing a hernia. Repetitive movements that place minor but constant stress on the lower body can also cause hernias, by degrading the abdominal wall over time, including bending, twisting and stretching motions. Mental stress is also known to be a contributory cause of hernias, as the muscles are constantly tense when a person is stressed or under pressure, and therefore more likely to suffer a rupture.

The Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992 contain detailed guidance and strict limits on the amount of weight that an individual worker should be asked to lift by hand. Wherever possible such manual handling tasks should be mechanised, and where human involvement is unavoidable, workers should be provided with specialist lifting equipment to protect them from the risk of injury. All such tasks must be risk assessed, and properly supervised, to ensure among other things, that workers take sufficient rest breaks. Employers must also provide training in safe manual handling techniques. Where a worker has developed a hernia through no fault of their own, but rather due to the negligence of their employers (or co-workers), they may be entitled to claim compensation for the injury itself, as well as loss of earnings resulting from time off work.

Assisted Living in Detroit

Senior Citizens Enjoy Living In Detroit

Many senior citizens want to enjoy their retirement having fun and experiencing life. They've worked so hard for so long and know that it is time to embrace the fun side of life. Detroit has proven itself to be a city that senior citizens can do those things in. Its wide range of cultural and social activities combined with beautiful neighborhoods make it visually appealing. Its excellent medical facilities and assisted living facilities make it friendly for senior citizens who may have health issues or restrictions. Overall, you cannot find a more welcoming city than Detroit for living your senior years to the fullest.

Cultural And Social Scene

There are many activities that are fun to do in The city. The entire city has really developed a fine appreciation for the various types of arts. Most theatres and attractions also offer senior citizen discounts. That shows how much they truly appreciate the patronage of senior citizens and the value they bring to the cultural and social setting of the city. Some of the best places you can go to for cultural or social events are:
• Detroit Cultural Center
• Sporting events
- Watch a Tigers baseball game
- Experience a Pistons basketball game
- Enjoy a football day with the Lions
- Have a hockey outing with the Redwings
• Henry Ford Museum
• Motown Museum
• There are over forty great museums in the city. Each one is educational, unique, and interesting.
• Detroit Film Theatre
• Detroit Opera House
• With its love of the performing arts, the city has over twenty-eight theatres in the city that show that appreciation.

No matter what your tastes, style, or preferences are you will find it in the local cultural and social scene. People in their golden years have discovered the joy of experiencing the arts in Detroit.

Beautiful Neighborhoods

Detroit has always been known for its beautiful homes in wonderful pockets of the city. Many of the neighborhoods are part of annual luxury or holiday tours. They have parks and boulevards that match the beauty of the classic homes. Senior citizens find that there are few moments more enjoyable than those spent strolling through some of the historic, beautiful neighborhoods. If they cannot stroll, there are also driving tours mapped out so you can enjoy their beauty. A few of the most highly regarded neighborhoods are:

• Indian Village
• Boston-Edison & Arden Park
• Palmer Woods
• North Rosedale Park
• Corktown

The amount of time you can spend touring these beautiful, historic neighborhoods will depend on if you choose to go it by foot, vehicle tour, and how many homes you would like to tour on the inside. The inside tours of homes are one of the most unique things about the area and the way they welcome people. Senior citizens will find that they are having new memory making moments on these historical tours.

Medical Facilities

You do not have to research medical facilities for long to discover that Detroit is home to some of the best doctors and specialists in the country. The various medical facilities in the city are state of the art and give everybody the reassurance they need for both preventative and emergency health care. Detroit Medical Center is the premier private employer in the city. They have 9 hospitals in a five county area. Two other medical facilities that are highly regarded are the Henry Ford Medical Centers and the St. John Providence Health System. One thing is for sure, Detroit has a reputable, state of the art medical system in place.

Assisted Living Facilities

Assisted living facilities are the latest option that help people in their senior years enjoy life, freedom, and independence for a longer time. Detroit has really been a leader in providing top line, eloquent living facilities for senior citizens who need a little assistance. Some of the most highly regarded facilities offer tours, advice, and seminars on how they can help people make the most out of their years. If you are considering your living options and want to find out more about how some truly reputable assisted living facilities operate don't hesitate to contact one today. Some of the most highly regarded facilities in the area are Detroit Assisted Living, Fox Run, American House, and Crystal Creek Assisted Living. That competition weighs in favor of the senior citizen because the facilities truly want to earn your business.

In today's world there are more options for ever for senior citizens. Another phase of life can just beginning. Never before have there been so many cities and communities that offer senior citizens the valuable care, attention, and enjoyment they deserve. Detroit has always lead the way in helping people live their lives to the fullest - from beginning to end. If you are looking for a way to enjoy your retirement years or just want something new and different in your life you owe it to yourself to investigate Detroit. Detroit has a very active, lively, and talented cultural and social setting. Whether you enjoy plays, music, or sports you will find satisfaction at one of the many venues available. Health care needs and concerns are certainly not uncommon as we all get older. Make sure you remember Detroit's highly acclaimed medical field and community. The medical community in Detroit can handle every procedure that needs to be done professionally and with care. With the wide variety of neighborhoods and assisted living options in Detroit you can find the perfect place to consider a second home. If you have reached that age where you can go out and enjoy all of life's amazing opportunities at your convenience - congratulations. If you are considering Detroit, that is more exciting. Once you investigate all your options you will find welcoming arms from the city of Detroit.

Electronic Medical Billing Software, HIPAA Compliance, and Role Based Access Control

HIPAA compliance requires special focus and effort as failure to comply carries significant risk of damage and penalties. A practice with multiple separate systems for patient scheduling, electronic medical records, and billing, requires multiple separate HIPAA management efforts. This article presents an integrated approach to HIPAA compliance and outlines key HIPAA terminology, principles, and requirements to help the practice owner to ensure HIPAA compliance by medical billing service and software vendors.

The last decade of the previous century witnessed accelerating proliferation of digital technology in health care, which, along with reduced costs and greater service quality, introduced new and greater risks for accidental disclosure of personal health information.

The Health insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) was passed in 1996 by Congress to establish national standards for privacy and security of personal health data. The Privacy Rule, written by the US Department of Health and Human Services took effect on April 14, 2003.

Failure to comply with HIPAA risks accreditation and reputation damage, lawsuits by federal government, financial penalties, ranging from $100 to $250,000, and imprisonment, ranging from one year to ten years.

Protected Health Information (PHI)

The key term of HIPAA is Protected Health Information (PHI), which includes anything that can be used to identify an individual and any information shared with other health care providers or clearinghouses in any media (digital, verbal, recorded voice, faxed, printed, or written). Information that can be used to identify an individual includes:

1. Name


2. Dates (except year)


3. Zip code of more than 3 digits, telephone and fax numbers, email


4. Social security numbers


5. Medical record numbers


6. Health plan numbers


7. License numbers


8. Photographs

Information shared with other healthcare providers or clearinghouses

1. Nursing and physician notes


2. Billing and other treatment records

Principles of HIPAA

HIPAA intends to allow smooth flow of PHI for healthcare operations subject to patient's consent but prohibit any flow of unauthorized PHI for any other purposes. Healthcare operations include treatment, payment, care quality assessment, competence review training, accreditation, insurance rating, auditing, and legal procedures.

HIPAA promotes fair information practices and requires those with access to PHI to safeguard it. Fair information practices means that a subject must be allowed

1. Access to PHI,


2. Correction for errors and completeness, and


3. Knowledge of others who use PHI

Safeguarding of PHI means that the persons that hold PHI must

1. Be accountable for own use and disclosure


2. Have a legal recourse to combat violations

HIPAA Implementation Process

HIPAA implementation begins upon making assumptions about PHI disclosure threat model. The implementation includes both pre-emptive and retroactive controls and involves process, technology, and personnel aspects.

A threat model helps understanding the purpose of HIPAA implementation process. It includes assumptions about

1. Threat nature (Accidental disclosure by insiders? Access for profit? ),


2. Source of threat (outsider or insider?),


3. Means of potential threat (break in, physical intrusion, computer hack, virus?),


4. Specific kind of data at risk (patient identification, financials, medical?), and


5. Scale (how many patient records threatened?).

HIPAA process must include clearly stated policy, educational materials and events, clear enforcement means, a schedule for testing of HIPAA compliance, and means for continued transparency about HIPAA compliance. Stated policy typically includes a statement of least privilege data access to complete the job, definition of PHI and incident monitoring and reporting procedures. Educational materials may include case studies, control questions, and a schedule of review seminars for personnel.

Technology Requirements for HIPAA Compliance

Technology implementation of HIPAA proceeds in stages from logical data definition to physical data center to network.

1. To assure physical data center security, the manager must
   
   
   1. Lock data center
   
   
   2. Manage access list
   
   
   3. Track data center access with closed circuit TV cameras to monitor both internal and external building activities
   
   
   4. Protect access to data center with 24 x 7 onsite security
   
   
   5. Protect backup data
   
   
   6. Test recovery procedure
   
   
   
   

For network security, the data center must have special facilities for

1. Secure networking - firewall protection, encrypted data transfer only


2. Network access monitoring and report auditing

For data security, the manager must have

1. Individual authentication - individual logins and passwords


2. Role Based Access Control (see below)


3. Audit trails - all access to all data fields tracked and recorded


4. Data discipline - Limited ability to download data

Role Based Access Control (RBAC)

RBAC improves convenience and flexibility of systems management. Greater convenience helps reducing the errors of commission and omission in granting access privileges to users. Greater flexibility helps implement the policy of least privilege, where the users are granted only as much privileges as required for completing their job.

RBAC promotes economies of scale, because the frequency of changes of role definition for a single user is higher than the frequency of changes of role definitions across entire organization. Thus, to make a massive change of privileges for a large number of users with same set of privileges, the administrator only makes changes to the role definition.

Hierarchical RBAC further promotes economies of scale and reduces the likelihood of errors. It allows redefining roles by inheriting privileges assigned to roles in the higher hierarchical level.

RBAC is based on establishing a set of user profiles or roles according to responsibilities. Each role has a predefined set of privileges. The user acquires privileges by receiving membership in the role or assignment of a profile by the administrator.

Every time when the definition of the role changes along with the set of privileges that is required to complete the job associated with the role, the administrator needs only to redefine the privileges of the role. The privileges of all of the users that have this role get redefined automatically.

Similarly, if the role of a single user is changed, the only operation that needs to be performed is the reassignment of the user profile, which will redefine user's access privileges automatically according to the new profile.

Summary

HIPAA compliance requires special practice management attention. A practice with multiple separate systems for scheduling, electronic medical records, and billing, requires multiple separate HIPAA management efforts. An integrated system reduces the complexity of HIPAA implementation. By outsourcing technology to a HIPAA-compliant vendor of vericle-like technology solution on an ASP or SaaS basis, HIPAA management overhead can be eliminated (see companion papers on ASP and SaaS for medical billing).